The sections of this manual are arranged in the order you must understand information to successfully complete a lathe operation. Lathe machines are used in metalworking, woodturning, metal spinning, thermal spraying, glass working, and parts reclamation the various other operations that you can perform with the help of lathe machine can include sanding, cutting, knurling. Then either the tool or the work piece will move and material will be removed. Hold the job on headstock spindle using three or fourjaw chuck. The turning of shafts and bars is not, however, the only kind of work to be done on a lathe. Types of lathes lathe figure 71 is ideally suited for this purpose. Lathe operation and maintenance modern machine shop books. Lathe can be defined as a machine tool which holds the work between two rigid and strong supports, called centres, or in a chuck or face plate while the lathe revolves. Notice lathe operation must be approved by supervisor for every use.
Facing and turning operation on lathe machine youtube. Standard operation procedure for a cnc lathe career trend. Facing facing is machining the ends and shoulders of a piece of stock smooth. List of operations that can be performed on a lathe. Turning is a machining process in which a cutting tool, typically a nonrotary tool bit, describes. In this article, you will learn about what are the different types of lathe machine operations performed on the lathe machine. Ive been able to get creative with my lathe completing milling operations with success, but i am not sure how to do this one. Thread cutting on the lathe is a process that produces a helical ridge of uniform section on the workpiece. There are a number of things that you need to look at when buying lathe machinery to ensure that you dont have any problems in the long run. Turn on the lathe and set the speed to around 600 rpm. The name implies that they are used to add some finishing operation to parts initially made on a different machine, and they can certainly do that.
Facing is used to cut work to the desired length and to produce a surface from which accurate measurements may be taken. Safety glasses must be worn at all times in work areas. The lathe machine is one of the oldest and most important machine tools. The factors should be used properly so that one can avoid from mishandling and mishaps while performing any kind of lathe operation. Before these operations can be done, a thorough knowledge of the variable factors of lathe speeds, feeds, and depth of cut must be understood. The bench lathe may or may not have a poweroperated crossfeed drive. The three basic operations that can be performed on both a metal or wood lathe machine are turning, boring and facing.
Introduction a lathe is a machine tool which turns cylindrical material, touches a cutting tool to it, and cuts the material. A step turning operation is illustrated in the figure. This is performed by taking successive cuts with a threading toolbit the same shape as the thread form required. Persons must read lab safety manual, machine manual, and be trained by wrl manager. Use the tailstock crank to advance the drill slowly into the end of the workpiece and continue until the conical section of the center drill is about 34ths of the way into the workpiece. The following are some of the important parts of lathe machine. Facing operation is for making the ends of the job to produce a smooth flat surface with the axis of operation or a certain length of a job. Lathe operations the major independent variables that can change directly in the cutting process are. Facing in the context of turning work involves moving the cutting tool at right angles.
Lathe operation cutting time calculator free online math. Lathes types of lathes totally screwed machine shop. As early as 1569, wood lathes were in use in france. Variations of turning that are performed on a lathe. Metal lathe do not use this machine unless the technician has instructed you in its safe use and operation and has given permission. Pdf facing is usually the first and an essential process on a cnc. Spindles threaded and others the spindle is usually threaded sometimes on both ends. These factors differ for each lathe operation, and failure to use these factors properly will result in machine failure or work damage. Conclusion the objective of turning and milling is to remove material from a work piece to obtain a specific shape and improve surface finish. With every cut desired the speed, depth and feed of the lathe machine is changed for precision. This one covers how to face the end of a part or shoulder using a tool using a tool ground in the video grinding turning and facing tools for the lathe. Lathe safety and operation notice rules and guidelines listed on this page are only reminders. Facing operation of a metal blank on turning machine with cutting tool. The working of the lathe machine changes with every operation and cut desired.
Turning a machining process in which a singlepoint tool remove material from the surface of a rotating work piece. This allows you to move the side bar from one side to another. Calculate the required time for threading and cutting lathe operations from the given length of portion, diameter of tap and revolution of the job per minute using this lathe cutting time calculator. The threads are a means to attach some of the many holding mechanisms well discuss later. Machining operation in which work is fed past a rotating tool with multiple cutting edges axis of tool rotation is perpendicular to feed direction creates a planar surface. Operations commonly performed on a lathe include turning, facing, form turning, grooving, drilling,boring, knurling, taper turning and thread cutting. To safely perform a facing operation at the end of the workpiece must be as close as possible to the jaws of the chuck. Pdf lathe machine operation lathe operations od1645 lesson 1task 1. Operating a cnc lathe can be done with a keen sense of detail by making sure that all standard procedures are followed thoroughly. If you maintain a clean work environment, make sure that tools are sharp and that parts are completed per the blueprints, you should not come across any problems while operating a cnc lathe. Lathe machine simple fig cnc lathe machine parts of lathe machine. The semiautomatic lathes, capstan lathe and turret lathe are very similar in construction. Pieces can be turned that are thin, that have holes through the center, or which are so shaped that they cannot be held upon the centers. Construction, operation and tool layout in semiautomatic.
Lathe operations od1645 lesson 1task 1 in some crude fashion or another. Most parts need multiple operations that are potentially on different machines. General lathe operations smithy detroit machine tools. The process of making a flat surface on a lathe machine is called facing. Csa footwear must be worn at all times in work areas. Jun 28, 2017 lathe was actually the first machine tool which came into being as a useful machine for metal cutting. Most often, the workpiece is cylindrical, but using a 4jaw chuck you can face rectangular or oddshaped work to form cubes and other noncylindrical shapes when a lathe cutting tool removes metal it applies considerable tangential i. Turning operations are carried out on a lathe machine which can be manually or cnc. A machining operation generally takes more time to shape a given part than alternative shaping processes, such as casting, powder metallurgy, or forming. Because of this reason, facing becomes the first machining operation. A lathe machine is a machine tool that is used to remove metals from a workpiece to give a desired shape and size. Facing operation carried out on lathe machine axibook. Each setup sheet is for one particular operation, but wed also like to be able to access the other operations and see how they go together for a view of the overall process. This study aim at determining the causal factors leading to flyout accidents during lathe machining operations and subsequently determine the probability of.
The primary thread is on the inside drive end the end toward the right end of the headstock from the operators position. Instructions to learn how to use a lathe the lathe is a machine tool used principally for shaping pieces of metal and sometimes wood or other materials by causing the workpiece to be held and rotated by the lathe. Lathe machine download this royalty free stock photo in seconds. Later sections will refer to skills discussed in previous sections. They can just as well convert long bar stock into short finished parts, like any other turret lathe or hand screw machine. Facing is the process of removing metal from the end of a workpiece to produce a flat surface. There are common problems that can easily be avoided if you take the time to properly inspect the pieces that you buy. This is accomplished by holding the work securely and rigidly on the machine and then turning it against cutting tool, which will remove metal from the work in the form of chips. Lathe operations or works that be done on a lathe 3. Lathe machine performs the different operations such as turning, facing, taper turning, knurling, grooving, parting off, thread cutting, reaming etc. Manual of lathe operation and machinists tables atlas press company engineering department on.
This is done with a tool that applies a force on the material. However, because of advanced technology, the lathe has allowed man to become an important asset in developing and machining many precision components needed to operate and function in many areas of our industrial complex. Chips generated in machining are wasted material, at least in the unit operation. Jul 29, 2017 lathe machine is a mechanical device in which the workpiece is rotated against cutting tool for producing cylindrical forms in the metal, wood or any other machinable material. Lathe machine operations thanks for watching how to do a centering in lathe machine without surface gauge. May 15, 2010 this video will show you the best practices for metal lathe turning smithy granite 3in1 this video starts by providing some cardinal rules of machining. Various operations performed on workshop lathe machine. A trained lathes can be divided into three types for easy identification.
Best practices for metal lathe turning smithy granite 3in. Jan 01, 2003 lathe operation and maintenance modern machine shop books edwards, john g. Milling operation on a lathe, how to hold round stock. Milling operation on a lathe, how to hold round stock i need to cut some wrench flats on some tubing, only problem is i dont have a mill, only a lathe. Nov 17, 2008 hardinge called them second operation lathes. Pdf fault tree analysis of flyouts in metal lathe machine.
The job is held on a faceplate or chuck and the tool is fed at right angles to the bed to obtain flat surfaces. Lathe machine also called engine lathe because the first type of lathe was driven by a steam engine. This is the wins button, which opens another group of windows and. The lathe may have a quickchange gearbox for rapid change of threading feeds, or gears may have to be installed singly or in combination to achieve the proper threading feeds. The lathe is a machine tool, which removes the metal from a piece of work to give the required shape and size. Lathe machine operation facing, turning, grooving and. The lathe machine was adapted to metal cutting in england during the industrial revolution. The lathe is one of the machine tools most well used by machining. A step turning operation is performed using a wide tool after the plain turning operation. Step turning a step turning operation is illustrated in the. The work is held in between the lathe centers or with the chuck and the tool is held at the height of the axis of the work. In such cases it becomes necessary to hold the work firmly without distortion.
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